Unbending Notes
采访亚太互联网络信息中心总经理 保罗.威尔逊（英文采访）
Interview with Paul Wilson, Director General, APNIC
采访亚太互联网络信息中心总经理 保罗.威尔逊
[Shen Yang]: Please introduce about APNIC
请您介绍一下亚太互联网络信息中心APNIC的情况
[Paul Wilson]: APNIC is the Regional Internet Registry (or “RIR”) for the Asia Pacific region. So our responsibility is for allocating IP addresses, both IPv4 and IPv6, to the ISPs throughout this region, which includes over 60 countries. We provide services to Internet Service Providers (ISPs) which are members of APNIC, and also to so-called “National Internet Registries” in economies including Mainland China, Japan, Hongkong, Chinese Taipei, Korea, Vietnam and Indonesia. The NIR in Mainland China is CNNIC. NIRs are a very important aspect of APNIC’s structure, and they provide services to many ISPs.
亚太互联网络信息中心APNIC是亚太地区的地区互联网注册处（也叫做“RIR”）。因此我们的职责是为60多个国家在内的互联网络服务提供商ISP分配IP地址，包括IPv4 和IPv6。我们对属于APNIC成员的互联网络服务提供商ISP提供服务，这些服务商也叫“国家及地区级互联网注册处”（NIR），包括中国大陆、日本、香港、台湾、韩国、越南和印度尼西亚等在内的经济体。NIR在中国大陆地区是CNNIC中国互联网络信息中心。NIR在APNIC的结果中是非常重要的一面，他们为很多ISP提供了服务。
The ISPs of the region rely heavily on APNIC, because without IP addresses they can't connect to the Internet. IP addresses are a critical resource within the Internet, because they are required for sending and receiving all traffic on the network.
地区ISP更多地依赖APNIC，因为如果没有IP地址他们不能连到互联网上。IP地址在互联网内是一种非常紧缺的资源，因为他们需要在网络中传送所有的交通。
[Shen Yang]: What is the difference between IP addresses and domain names?
IP地址和域名有什么区别？
[Paul Wilson]: IP addresses are the fundamental address of the Internet, while the Domain Name System (or DNS) is actually a service which operates on the Internet. The DNS is a lookup or translation service which allows Internet/ users to use alphabetic names for Internet sites, rather than numeric addresses. In theory, domain names are easier to remember, however this advantage is experienced most by speakers of English and other languages which can be represented in roman characters.
IP地址是互联网的基本地址，而域名系统（也叫做DNS）实际上是在互联网运行中的一个服务。DNS是一种查找或者翻译服务，允许互联网使用者在网站上使用优越于数字地址的字母名字。在理论上，域名比较容易记住，这种优势在讲英语和其他用罗马文字表达的语言中得到了体验。
If we did not have the DNS, the Internet would still operate perfectly well. However users would have to remember IP addresses instead of domain names. This is a fundamental difference, but politically the DNS system is also much more complex because of many complex legal, commercial and sovereignty issues.
如果我们没有域名系统DNS，互联网仍然会运行的很好。然而使用者将不得不记住IP地址而不是域名。这是根本区别，但是实际上DNS系统也很复杂，因为复杂的规则、商业和国家法律问题。
[Shen Yang]: How many members up to now does APNIC have?
现在APNIC有多少会员？
[Paul Wilson]: Right now we have nearly 1000 ISP members, located in 48 different economies of the Asia Pacific region. There are also 6 NIR members of APNIC, who provide services to at least 1000 more ISPs.
到现在，我们有近1000多家ISP会员，分布于亚太区48个不同的经济体。还有6个NIR会员，为至少1000多家ISP提供服务。
[Shen Yang]: Which member is the biggest in your members?
在你们的会员中哪一个是****的会员？
[Paul Wilson]: Chinese ISPs are very large, and most are in the largest APNIC membership category (which makes them very influential of course). The major licensed ISPs in China are all APNIC members - I'm sure you know them. And of course they are all growing quickly – right now, Greater China is receiving IP addresses faster than any country in the world.
中国的ISP是非常大的，大部分是属于APNIC****会员种类中（当然，这也使得他们非常有影响力）。中国最主要的ISP都是APNIC的成员－我相信你都认识他们。并且他们也在快速的增长，现在，伟大的中国是世界上接受IP地址最快的国家。
It is no longer true that China has less IP address space that some US organisations, and this has not been true since some time in the year 2000. These days, these are many large ISPs in China, and many of them actually have more IP address space than India and many other countries! China is becoming a large Internet power, and is receiving many many IP addresses.
中国拥有的IP地址比某些美国的组织少，这样的评论从2000年开始不再是事实。如今，中国有很多大型的ISP，他们中很多实际上有比印度和其他国家更多的IP地址！中国正在成为一个大型互联网能源，正在接受更多更多的IP地址。
[Shen Yang]: Is that IPv4 address space? What about IPv6?
您是说IPv4地址嘛？IPv6如何？
[Paul Wilson]: Yes, I am referring to IPv4 of course. But the leading economies in the world for IPv4 allocations are Mainland China, Japan and the USA.
是的，我正在说IPv4地址。但是全球分配IPv4地址领先的经济体是中国大陆、日本和美国。
[Shen Yang]: My next book, one chapter is about IPv6, I wish these chapter will include more information about IPv6.
我下本书，有一个章节是关于IPv6地址，我希望这个章节将介绍更多的IPv6。
[Paul Wilson]: yes, IPv6 addresses are still being used experimentally, by research and commercial organisations. There's not yet any major deployment of IPv6 networks, but I think that within 2 years time, many network will be operating with IPv6. Particularly in China because you have many mobile phones, and so the IPv6 addresses will be very important for hand phone networks.
是的，IPv6地址仍然在通过研究和商业组织进行测试阶段。现在还没有IPv6网络，但是我相信在两年之内，许多网络将使用IPv6地址运行。尤其是在中国，因为你们有很多移动手机，并且IPv6地址对于手机网络非常重要。
[Shen Yang]: How long have you being director for APNIC?
您担任APNIC的经理多久了？
[Paul Wilson]: Nearly 7 years. When I started, there were 5 staff at APNIC and now there are 43. So it has grown a lot in this time. We are now the most active RIR in the world, allocating more addresses than any other region (mostly to China and Japan these days).
将近7年了。当我刚开始在APNIC担任经理的时候，这里才有5个员工，现在是43个。有了很大的增长。
[Shen Yang]: APNIC is NGO?
APNIC是NGO非赢利组织嘛？
[Paul Wilson]: Yes, of course. It is a non-profit membership organization. I would like to mention that we have recently received recognition from the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) as an NGO in consultative status.
是的，当然是了。APNIC是一个非赢利成员组织。我想说的是，我们最近收到来自联合国经济和社会委员会的认证，认证APNIC是一个咨询顾问的NGO非赢利组织。
The APNIC Executive Council (effectively a Board of Directors) is directly elected by the membership of APNIC, and it includes 2 members from Mainland China, and 1 member each from Hongkong, Chinese Taipei, Japan, Korea and Australia.
APNIC的执委会（有董事会效力）是由APNIC的成员直接选举的，包括2名来自中国大陆、其余各自1名分别来自香港、台湾、日本、韩国和澳大利亚。
[Shen Yang]: How about the APNIC's open policy meeting?
APNIC的开放政策会议是怎么一回事呢？
[Paul Wilson]: We have 2 open policy meeting each year. The last meeting was in Kyoto, Japan, just one week ago. And we had about 150 people who attended from all over the Asia Pacific, and also from other parts of the world, including Europe, North America, and Africa. At the meeting there were many presentations and discussions about Internet addressing policies and related technical matters, as well as technical training for ISPs and others, and many other activities.
我们每年开两次开放政策会议。最近的一次会议是在日本的京都，就是一个星期之前。我们大概由150名来自整个亚太地区的会员参加会议，也有来自包括欧洲、北美、非洲等其他地区的会员。在会议中有很多关于互联网地址政策和相关技术事务的演讲和讨论，也有为ISP做的技术培训和其他活动。
[Shen Yang]: Do you put the training course on the website?
你们有没有把培训教程放在网上？
[Paul Wilson]: Yes, of course. All of the meeting content, including video and text tran***s, are available freely on the APNIC website, at http://www.apnic.net/meetings
当然有了。所有的会议内容，包括视频和文本，都放在APNIC的网站上，可以自由访问http://www.apnic.net/meetings 来读取资料。
All APNIC training material is also on the website, along with all the policy proposals and discussions which take place on mailing lists. If you are unable to attend the APNIC meeting, you can participate online via the website.
APNIC所有培训资料和所有政策建议以及通过邮件列表发生的讨论也都放在网上。如果你不能来参加APNIC的会议，也可以通过网站来在线参加会议。
[Shen Yang]: As I know more and more people in China know ICANN, but only a few people who knows APNIC.
据我了解，中国越来越多的人知道ICANN，但是只有很少人知道APNIC。
[Paul Wilson]: This is often true because ICANN is responsible for many things, and also because there has been a lot of controversy.
这是很真实的，因为ICANN负责很多事情，也因为有很多讨论。
However APNIC is because been in operation for over 10 years, and ICANN is around 5 years old. So we’re more stable and established than ICANN, and we have existed for a longer period of time. Our role is more specialized and there are not so many people who get involved with the IP addressing issues. However, I would say it's more important because without the IP addresses the Internet can not be operated
而APNIC因为运营10年，ICANN大概5年，所以我们比起ICANN来更稳定，我们已经存在了很长一个时期，我们的任务更专业，也没有太多的人从事IP地址的事务。然而，我要说，IP地址更重要因为如果没有IP地址，互联网不能够被运作。
[Shen Yang]: I asked the question is that in my feeling in China, APNIC does not provide enough information to promote APNIC, so I asked Pan Guangliang if he can help to provide me some, Maybe this year I maybe help you to promote APNIC.
我问的这个问题是我在中国的感受，APNIC没有提供足够的信息来宣传APNIC。所以我请你们的工作人员潘广亮先生帮忙，是否能提供给我更多信息，也许今年我可以帮助你们宣传APNIC。
[Paul Wilson]: I would appreciate this very much.
非常感谢。
[Shen Yang]: Let more people know that you are APNIC, including your training course, your policy, your member services, your technical support.
让更多的人知道你们是APNIC，包括你们的培训、你们的政策、你们的会员服务和你们的技术支持。
[Paul Wilson]: Well, we certainly welcome your help in doing that all over. We have certainly visited China many times. I have presented 3 times at the IPv6 Global Summit in China, as well as the China Inet meeting, and many training activities and other meetings. China is very big and we need to keep working very hard to reach the people in the Internet, especially in the government sector in China. It's very important to have some more dialogs so that we can understand Chinese concerns and positions, and can help to build the Internet in China.
恩，我们当然欢迎你帮助我们做这些宣传工作。我们已经访问中国很多次了。我在中国的IPv6高峰论坛做过三次演讲，参加中国互联网会议以及很多培训活动和其他会议。中国非常大，我们需要在互联网方面继续努力，特别是中国的一些行政地区。在中国我们开展更多对话是很重要的，这样我们能够理解中国人关注的问题和形势，能够帮助在中国建设互联网。
[Shen Yang]: In this meeting I met Qian Hualin, Kenny Huang, Pan Guangliang, and CNNIC staff. I hope APNIC maybe send a mail list in Chinese, not only in English, as Chinese are so many members in APNIC, most of the APNIC members’ native language is not English.
在这次会议上我遇到了钱华林、黄胜雄、潘广亮和CNNIC参会人员。我希望APNIC也许用中文而不仅仅是用英文发给邮件列表，因为APNIC会员中有这么多华人，而且APNIC会员大部分本土语不是英语。
[Paul Wilson]: We will be very happy to host some mailing lists for the Chinese members. As you know the general APNIC mailing lists are mostly in English, but if the Chinese members would like to have some Chinese language lists this would be fine and we would be very happy to help. Of course we work very closely with CNNIC, the China network information center, and we find CNNIC provides excellent services in China to help promote IP address management. So our relationship with CNNIC is very good and very valuable.
我们非常高兴为华人会员建立一些邮件列表。你知道一般APNIC邮件列表大部分都是使用英文的，但是如果华人会员喜欢采用一些中文列表，这也很好，我们很乐意帮助。当然我们和CNNIC（中国互联网络信息中心）工作很密切，我们发现CNNIC在中国提供了相当好的服务来宣传IP地址管理。因此我们和CNNIC的关系非常好也很珍贵。
[Shen Yang]: I hope the first step for APNIC's website maybe enrich more and more Chinese information.
我希望APNIC的网站上第一步丰富更多的中文信息。
[Paul Wilson]: We have Chinese content and we will continue to increase this. All policy documents and the APNIC annual reports, and some other materials, are available in simplified and traditional Chinese. We support several other languages as well.
我们有中文内容，我们将继续增加更多中文信息。所有政策文件和APNIC年度报告以及其他一些资料都有简体和繁体中文内容。我们也支持其他语言。
[Shen Yang]: Have you have noticed the ICANN's new website have Chinese version now?
您注意到现在ICANN的新网站提供中文版本了嘛？
[Paul Wilson]: Yes. That's great.
是的，这非常好。
At our policy meetings we also have had simultaneous interpretation available. So it's possible to provide the meeting with Chinese interpretation when needed. The last meeting, because it was held in Fiji, had a mainly English speaking audience, so we did not have the interpretation. However, if we hold meeting in China, and I hope it will be, then we certainly have the simultaneous interpretation for all of the meeting.
在我们的政策会议中，我们也提供同声翻译。所以当需要的时候也有可能提供中文翻译。上次会议，因为在斐济举办，主要听众是英语听众，所以我们没有提供翻译。然而，如果在中国举办会议，我希望能在中国举办，那么我们肯定会为所有会议做同声翻译。
[Shen Yang]: The last question is when the open policy meeting will be held in China? Do you know?
最后一个问题是中国什么时候举办APNIC开放政策会议？您知道嘛？
[Paul Wilson]: I don't know, however we have posted a request for proposals. And we would be very welcome for China also for CNNIC, MII to make a proposal to discuss have a meeting in China. I would be extremely happy for APNIC to hold a major meeting in China.
我不知道。我们公布了主办会议申请。我们非常希望在中国由信息产业部提出建议讨论在中国举办会议。我将会非常高兴为APNIC能在中国举办会议。
[Shen Yang]: Thank you!
谢谢！
[Paul Wilson]: Thank you!
谢谢！
附图：2004年9月7日在澳大利亚布里斯班采访APNIC总裁。
(中文字翻译：Francy)
